Android

Что такое GSM в сотовой сети?

GSM логотип

GSM (произносится как gee-ess-em ) является наиболее популярным стандартом сотовых телефонов и используется на международном уровне, поэтому вы, вероятно, слышали об этом в контексте телефонов GSM и сетей GSM, особенно по сравнению с CDMA .

GSM логотип

Изначально GSM означало Groupe Spécial Mobile, но теперь означает Глобальную систему мобильной связи

По данным Ассоциации GSM (GSMA), которая представляет интересы мировой индустрии мобильной связи, приблизительно 80% стран мира используют технологию GSM при совершении беспроводных вызовов.

Какие сети GSM?

Вот краткий обзор нескольких мобильных операторов, которые используют GSM или CDMA:

GSM:

  • T-Mobile
  • AT & T
  • Индиго Беспроводной
  • Сосна Сотовая
  • TerreStar

UnlockedShop has a more comprehensive list of GSM networks in the US.

CDMA:

  • Sprint
  • Verizon Wireless
  • Virgin Mobile

GSM vs CDMA

For practical and everyday purposes, GSM offers users wider international roaming capabilities than other US network technologies and can enable a cell phone to be a “world phone.» What’s more, things like easily swapping phones and using data while on a call is supported with GSM networks but not CDMA.

GSM carriers have roaming contracts with other GSM carriers and typically cover rural areas more completely than competing CDMA carriers, and often without roaming charges.

GSM also has the advantage of easily swappable SIM cards. GSM phones use the SIM card to store your (the subscriber’s) information like your phone number and other data that proves you are in fact a subscriber to that carrier.

This means you can put the SIM card into any GSM phone to instantly continue using it on the network with all your previous subscription information (like your number) to make phone calls, text, etc.

With CDMA phones, however, the SIM card does not store such information. Your identity is tied to the CDMA network and not the phone. This means swapping CDMA SIM cards doesn’t «activate» the device in the same way. You instead need approval from the carrier before you can activate/swap devices.

For example, if you’re a T-Mobile user, you could use an AT&T phone on the T-Mobile network (or vice versa) so long as you put the T-Mobile phone’s SIM card into the AT&T device. This is super useful if your GSM phone is broken or you want to try out a friend’s phone.

Keep in mind, however, that this is only true for GSM phones on the GSM network. CDMA is not the same.

Something else to consider when comparing CDMA and GSM is that all GSM networks support making phone calls while using data. This means you can be out and about on a phone call but still use your navigation map or browse the internet. Such capability is not supported on most CDMA networks.

See our explanation of CDMA for some other details on the differences between these standards.

More Information on GSM

The origins of GSM can be traced back to 1982 when the Groupe Spécial Mobile (GSM) was created by the European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations (CEPT) for the purpose of designing a pan-European mobile technology.

GSM provides standard features like phone call encryption, data networking, caller ID, call forwarding, call waiting, SMS, and conferencing.

This cell phone technology works in the 1900 MHz band in the US and the 900 MHz band in Europe and Asia. Data is compressed and digitized, and then sent through a channel with two other data streams, each using their own slot.

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